What is the difference between proactive and retroactive interference?

In the Loftus and Palmer (1974) study, participants who were asked how fast the cars were going when they “smashed” into each other:

Which experimental finding supports the existence of a separate Phonological Loop?

In Barclay et al.’s (1970) study on encoding specificity, what happened when mismatched retrieval cues were provided?

What is the main idea behind decay theory as a mechanism for forgetting?

Which scenario best illustrates proactive interference?

Rozenblit and Keil (2002) asked participants to rate how well they understood the detailed functioning of various complex items we use in daily life (e.g., a toilet). Participants made this rating at the start of the experiment, then they were asked to write a detailed explanation of the mechnisms behind the objects function. Participants then made the rating again. Finally, participants were given a brief lecture on the mechanisms and had to rate their understanding once again. What did Rozenblit and Keil (2002) find? 

How does retrieval-induced forgetting differ from traditional interference theory?

What is the primary distinction between primary memory and secondary memory, according to William James?

Could colonization of a wound by a non-invasive bacterium cause disease? Explain your answer.