A 3-year-old male is diagnosed with Meckel diverticulum after surgery for bowel obstruction. Which of the following descriptions is most consistent with the “rule of 2s” associated with this condition?

During examination of a placenta in a case of preeclampsia, the pathologist notes thickening of the placental barrier and impaired exchange function. Which of the following placental components is NOT considered part of the typical placental barrier in later gestation?

A 62-year-old woman presents with intense, stabbing pain on the right side of her face. The episodes last for several seconds and are triggered by light touch to the cheek or brushing teeth. Neurologic exam is normal. MRI is ordered to rule out secondary causes. Which cranial nerve is most likely involved, and what is the diagnosis?

A 5-year-old boy presents with developmental delay, a long face, large ears, and enlarged testes. His teacher notes attention difficulties and social anxiety. Family history reveals maternal relatives with similar findings. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A clinical instructor is reviewing a student’s completed grossing sheets and corresponding cassettes from a radical prostatectomy. Which of the following CLIA competency elements does this activity satisfy?

A medical student confuses the terms used for embryologic kidney development. You ask them to match the correct structure with its ultimate fate. Which of the following is correctly matched with its adult structure?

A 30-year-old woman with pre-existing hypertension becomes pregnant. She is closely monitored for blood pressure and proteinuria. Why is this patient at greater risk for preeclampsia?

A 2-year-old girl presents with an abdominal mass found on physical exam. Imaging reveals a large renal mass. Her history includes hemihyperplasia and macroglossia, and she has an omphalocele scar from infancy. Genetic testing confirms a mutation affecting chromosome 11p15. Which gene is most likely altered and contributes to tumorigenesis in this patient?

A clinical laboratory’s listing on the CMS Laboratory Registry has recently been marked inactive due to a lapse in CLIA certification renewal. As a result, the lab is not permitted to submit claims for Medicare or Medicaid reimbursement. Which of the following best explains why this occurred?

A neonate presents with a large lumbar cystic mass. Neurological exam reveals paralysis of the lower limbs and loss of bowel/bladder control. Imaging confirms herniation of both meninges and spinal cord. What is the most likely diagnosis?