The test discussed by Kelly and Roedder are meant to require subjects to make snap judgments, without the influence of introspection and deliberation, and often without conscious intention.  What do these biases, then, reveal? 

Which of the following does affirmative action foster a confusion of? 

Between 1834 and 1836, a combination of high cotton prices, freely available foreign and domestic credit, and an infusion of specie (“hard” currency in the form of gold and silver) from Europe spurred a sustained boom in the American economy.

What was one of the main factors that contributed to the rise of the Whig Party in the 1830s?

Who espoused a religious worldview wherein God, “the eternal ONE,” manifested through the special harmony between the individual soul and nature, and emphasized the reliability of the individual soul in works like “The American Scholar” (1837) and “Self-Reliance” (1841)?

The Old South’s economy was heavily dependent on agriculture, particularly the production of cotton and tobacco.

By the 1850s, slavery and cotton had become so intertwined that the very idea of change—be it crop diversity, antislavery ideologies, economic diversification, or the increasingly staggering cost of purchasing and maintaining slaves—became anathema to the southern economic and cultural identity.

Abolitionist sentiment was widespread among white Southerners during the antebellum period.

John Quincy Adams believed that the United States was not a perpetual union, but rather a compact of sovereign states.

Many of the earliest women’s rights advocates began their activism by fighting __________________, including Angelina and Sarah Grimké, Lucretia Mott, Sojourner Truth, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Susan B. Anthony.