A malignant tumor of the lining of the renal pelvis, calyces, ureters, and bladder describes a(n):

Infarction is caused by an obstruction in the collecting system.

What anomaly refers to renal fusion that usually occurs at the lower pole level?

Gerota’s fascia provides a protective covering around which of the following organs?

renal stones.png Patient presents in the ultrasound department with severe pain from the constovertebral angle radiating to flank and from suprapubic region radiating to external genitalia.  The renal ultrasound images above demonstrated:

A patient complaining of sharp, severe flank pain radiating to the groin is describing:

A resistive index (RI) greater than 0.70 in a kidney is consistent with early

An echogenic cortical mass usually less than 3 cm, vascular, and attenuates sound is a sonographic feature for a(n):

Mallory decides to spend 3 hours working overtime rather than watching a video with her friends.   She earns $8 an hour.   Her opportunity cost of working is:

Oncocytoma cannot be distinguished from renal cell carcinoma.