What property must something have (or be) in order to have intrinsic value for Taylor’s biocentrism?

One difference Leopold made from traditional ethical systems is that Leopold’s “land ethic” was holistic (as opposed to individualistic).

Biocentrists have to make the claim that not all interests are psychological.  

Longtermism is the view that we should strive for what is best for long-term environmental stability. 

Phenology is the study of how toxins spread in an ecosystem.

One way to understand ecosystems, claims Leopold, is that they trap nutrients on their “relentless march to the sea.”

Leopold thought that any human interaction with nature diminished its value and “naturalness.”

Taylor described all of the following arguments for human superiority, EXCEPT:

Leopold’s phrase to evaluate the environment was:

To start his paper, Varner discussed a childhood story where he killed something and was sad about it (and he wondered if he should have been sad).  What was it?