As a nurse prepares to change a patient’s wound dressing, the patient states that they are afraid that it will be painful. Noting that the patient’s heart rate and respiratory rate have increased, the nurse adjusts the plan of care to reflect care for a patient in which phase of the “general adaptation syndrome”?

An 84-year-old patient’s blood culture has come back positive for bacteria, despite the fact that his oral temperature remained within normal range. Which of the following statements is a reason for fever response alterations that occur in the elderly?

A patient presented to the emergency department of the hospital with a swollen, reddened, painful leg wound and has been diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cellulitis (subcutaneous infection). The patient’s health care provider has ordered a complete blood count and white cell differential. Which blood component is likely to be elevated?

You are working with a patient with severe osteoarthritis. You note that their skin has several bruises in various stages of healing. Further examination of their records indicates they take aspirin for their arthritis. Which statement below describes the association of aspirin and the patient’s bruising?

A diabetic patient has severe peripheral vascular disease. This vascular disease will decrease blood flow. He has developed signs of dry gangrene on the great toe of one foot. He asks, “How does happen?” Which pathophysiologic process should you explain?

The nurse in an infectious-disease clinic will primarily treat injuries to tissues and cells caused by  

A patient has an ischemic stroke. He is receiving a thrombolytic (clot buster), oxygen and a calcium channel blocker. His wife understands the medications with the exception of the calcium channel blocker. How could this medication help the patient?

After many years of cigarette smoking, a patient is admitted to have a mass removed from the lung. When explaining the surgery and recovery, the health care provider notes that the patient is likely to have a good amount of fibrosis develop at the surgical area. After the health care provider leaves the room, the patient asks the nurse what was meant by “fibrosis” in the lung.  What is the best response based on tissue healing?

A woman has been told the results of her recent Papanicolaou (Pap) smear of the cervix revealed dysplastic changes. What should be relayed to the patient?

A patient has experienced a large, acute arterial occlusion (clot) in the anterior tibial artery. Which effects to tissues distal would you expect to occur?