Define securitization, deregulation and globalization of international financial markets. What are the general impact of these trends on funding costs, opportunities and risks for MNCs

For Avon’s case in Lecture 9, what kind of management strategies (financial, operating, or pricing) did Avon use to manage its operating exposure? 1. Financing its local operations with local currency loans [management-strategies1] 2. Sell $50M worth of five Asian currencies forward against the dollar for fifteen months (August 1997) [management-strategies2] 3. Buying materials, making products in the markets in which they are sold [management-strategies3] 4. Increase profits by using its Asian factories to supply more of the non-cosmetic products sold in the U.S [management-strategies4] 5. Redirecting its marketing budget to hire more salespeople in Asia to bring in more customers [management-strategies5] 6. Compete more aggressively against disadvantaged competitors [management-strategies6] 7. Prices were raised slowly on price-sensitive brands, while faster for premium brands [management-strategies7] 8. Asking the Asian units remit earnings weekly instead of monthly (July 1997) [management-strategies8]

Multiple Choice Section (12 points) There are a total of 20 questions. Each is worth 0.6 points. Please select the best (single) answer for each multiple choice question.

Measuring and Managing Operating Exposure Ayota Car Company produces a car that sells in Japan for ¥1.8 million. On September 1, the beginning of the model year, the exchange rate is ¥150:$1. Consequently, Ayota sets the U.S. sticker price at $22,000. Suggest three marketing strategies that Ayota can improve its situation. Be specific.

Give three reasons why the number of firms cross-listing their shares has exploded in recent years.

What did you learn during your research? How did those new ideas affect your perspective?

Excerpts from the paper “Structure and evolution of the Ivy protein family, unexpected lysozyme inhibitors in Gram-negative bacteria” are presented below. Based upon this information, which type of side‑chain interaction is most critical for positioning the Ivy loop within the lysozyme cleft to achieve high‑affinity inhibition?

Which biological molecule is composed primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio (2 PTS)?

Excerpts from the paper “Structure and evolution of the Ivy protein family, unexpected lysozyme inhibitors in Gram-negative bacteria” are presented below. If a key Ivy residue that donates a hydrogen bond to a catalytic residue in lysozyme is mutated from Ser to Val, which outcome is most likely?

The information below are excerpts from a 2025 publication in Nature titled “Structural and functional characterization of human sweet taste receptor”. The researchers report in the paper that several mutations in the T1R2 Venus flytrap (VFT) domain alter responses to natural sugars. Which outcome best supports a direct ligand-contact role for a given residue?