A 73-year-old patient complains of vague right upper quadrant pain.  A hyperechoic focus with marked posterior acoustic shadowing is demonstrated in the anterior wall of the gallbladder. This history is most consistent with which of the following pathologies?

Air in the biliary tree is defined as:

The causes of a large gallbladder include all of the following except:

Pseudocyst formations are most commonly found where?

The gallbladder is located on the posterior surface of the liver and:

Which of the following are predisposing factors linked to the development of cholelithiasis?

Which of the following structures should be evaluated when multiple cysts are discovered in the pancreas?

Adenomas are malignant neoplasms of the gallbladder.

The spiral valves of Heister are located in which of the following structures?

The sonographic examination on a patient with a history of chronic alcohol abuse and repeated episodes of acute pancreatitis document multiple calcifications throughout a diffusely hyperechoic, smaller-than-normal pancreas. For this patient, what is the most likely diagnosis?