States at which the structure becomes unfit for its intended function are called limit states.

What are the two easiest ways to reduce deflections?

Under sustained loads, concrete does not experience creep strains.

Universally accepted crack widths are not specified in ACI 318.

A rectangular beam has a cross section of b = 16 in., h = 28 in., and d = 25.5 in. It is reinforced with three No. 8 Grade 60 bars. The concrete strength is 8,200 psi (normal weight). The beam has Grade 60 No. 3 stirrups. Determine the cracking moment, Mcr.

A rectangular beam has a cross section of b = 14 in., h = 22 in., and d = 19.5 in. It is reinforced with three No. 8 Grade 60 bars. The concrete strength is 6,700 psi (normal weight). The beam has Grade 60 No. 3 stirrups. Determine the gross moment of inertia, Ig, for the beam.

A simply supported beam with dimensions of b = 14 in., h = 26 in., d = 23.5 in., and L = 22 ft supports a uniform service (unfactored) dead load of 1.479167 kips/ft including its own self weight plus a uniform service (unfactored) live load of 0.9 kips/ft. The beam is reinforced with two No. 6 Grade 60 bars. The concrete strength is 7,300 psi (normal weight). The beam has Grade 60 No. 3 stirrups. Using the effective moment of inertia, determine the immediate mid-span deflection of the beam due to the combined service loads (dead plus live).The effective moment of inertia Ie = 5,939.7 in.4.

During serviceability calculations, it is common to ignore the presence of compression reinforcement.

Reinforcement within concrete will not rust until an electrolytic cell can be established.

Compute the maximum bar spacing, s, to control for cracks in a one-way slab with 2.5 in. of clear cover and f​y​ = 54 ksi.