Which of the following is a true statement regarding malocclusion?

When discussing patient information, which serves as a review of the key aspects of the information presented so the client can ask for clarification?

All of the following are reasons for an orthodontic referral except one. Which is the exception?

The American Association of Orthodontics recommends an orthodontic evaluation

Wincing or squinting of the eyes likely means a deficit in which human need?

The primary bacteria associated with dental caries is ______.

Which toothbrushing method incorporates sulcular brushing?

A patient classified as ASA level _____ or greater should not receive elective dental care.

Bridgett is a 42-year-old accountant. She is a new patient to your office and presents today with pain on the lower left. The periodontal assessment reveals generalized bleeding on probing and probing depths that are less than 3 mm with the exception of the interproximal molar areas where 5 mm depths are noted. A review of the medical history reveals hypertension and diabetes for which she takes lisinopril and metformin. Her latest A1c was 8.6. Radiographs reveal 1 mm bone loss between the molars and a radiolucency at the apex of tooth 19. Which of the following is most likely having the greatest impact on her periodontal health?

______________________ is not designed to remove plaque biofilm.