Page 4: 16. Cell-cell junctions that attach the cytoskeleton of a cell to the cytoskeleton of another cell are called what? [16] They consist of intermediate filaments attached to a plaque attached to transmembrane cadherins attached to cadherins from another cell, that pass through the plasma membrane to attach to intermediate filaments of the next cell via a plaque. 17. The broad class of tissues that is uses electrical signals to send messages over long distances in order to regulate the body[17] 18. Epithelial Tissues are classified based on [18] 19. Cilia and microvilli are typically found where? [19] 20. What is the function of cilia? [20]  

Page 4: 16. The tiny channels that allow nutrients to flow between osteocytes are called [16] 17. Which of the following is a cartilaginous joint? [17] 18. A synarthrosis is a [18] 19 The outer layer of an articular capsule is the [19] 20. What substance is typically found inside of the articular capsule? [20]

Page 9: 41. When the action potential reaches the terminal cistern via a T-tubule [41] 42. The sarcolemma is the [42] 43. Ho does the motor end plate differ from the rest of the sarcolemma? [43] 44. The thickening of the sarcoplasmic reticulum that are part of the triad are known as [44] 45. An extension of the endomysium, perimysium and epimysium that connects a muscle to bone is known as [45]

Page 3: 11. The type of medical imaging that uses high frequency sound waves to image the body is known as [11] a b c d e f g h i 12. If the table above represents the 9 abdominopelvic regions of a person facing you, which letter is located in the right lumbar region? [12] 13. The thumbs (first digit) are [13] to the pinkies [5th digit] 14. The eyes are anterior and [14] to the ears 15. the epidermis is [15] to the dermis  

Page 2: 6. The thin layer of connective tissue that lines the medullary cavity is the [6] 7. The central portion of a long bone is called the [7] 8. Endochondral ossification refers to [8] 9. During endochondral ossification, which of the following describes formation of the primary ossification center? [9] 10. Secretion of which hormone would inhibit the activity of osteoclasts? [10]

Page 5 21. Which epithelium has a multiple layers of cells and the cells at the apical surface are much wider than they are tall? [21] 22. The type of epithelium that lines trachea, bronchii and nasal cavity is [22] 23 The type of epithelium lining the stomach, small intestine and Large intestine[23] 24. Which epithelium is best at allowing for distension (stretching)? [24] 25. Which Connective tissue is found in tendons? [25]

Page 6: 26. Hinge joints are synovial joints capable of [26] 27. A bundle of dense connective tissue that joints bone to bone and is found inside the articular capsule is [27] 28. A oval plate of fibrocartilage present in joints which separate synovial cavities to allow different types of motion or allow the articulating bones to better fit together is a(n) [28] 29. When looking up from the anatomical position, the neck undergoes [29] 30. The connective tissue surrounding a fascicle of muscle fibers [30]

Free Response 1: List the steps in the contraction cycle (in order) and explain what happens in each. The explanation counts more than simply listing the step (12pts).

Page 3: 11. Which type of ganglia belong to the parasympathetic nervous system? [11] 12. The parasympathetic fibers that innervate the thoracic and abdominal cavities leave the CNS via which nerve or nerves? [12] 13. A cholinergic receptor is one that is activated by [13] 14. What neurotransmitter is released by sympathetic postganglionic neurons (with the exception of those synapsing with sweat glands)? [14] 15. preganglionic neurons and somatic motor neurons are [15]

Page 7: 31. The endomysium surrounds [31] 32. The area of the sarcomere where there are only thick filaments is the [32]33. The protein in the thin filaments that blocks the myosin binding site on actin is called [33] 34. Which of the following proteins has ATPase activity (can hydrolyze ATP to use energy)? [34]35. During contraction, Ca++ concentration increases [35]