Brown fat is a specialized tissue found especially in infants and hibernating mammals. Brown fat mitochondria have proton channels located in their inner membranes that allow protons to flow from the intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix without passing through ATP synthase. What does the flow of protons through these channels mean for the organism?
Read DetailsIf one follows the respiratory energy transfers and transformations sequentially from glucose through glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, and the citric acid cycle, but before the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation, most of the free energy captured from the original glucose molecule is found in:
Read DetailsA research group has discovered an organism with cells that contain a previously undescribed organelle. Researchers perform some tests on the isolated organelle to see if it is involved in any major metabolic reactions. To do this, they incubate these organelles for a period of time and determine changes in the amount of various substances in the suspending solution. The results are shown in the table. Based on this analysis, which metabolic process would you conclude could be taking place in this organelle?
Read DetailsNot all cell or tissue types in the human body can undergo fermentation. Such cells can be grown in the lab in tissue culture as long as oxygen is supplied, but they will not survive under anoxic (no oxygen) conditions. Which choice would be an experiment that would likely confirm the limiting substance during anoxic conditions for a lab culture of such a tissue/cell line?
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