Which of the following are characteristic features of Alzheimer’s disease? Select all that apply. 

A patient with Parkinson’s disease experiences “on-off” phenomenon with their medication. Which of the following strategies would be most appropriate to manage this issue?

A patient with cirrhosis develops ascites. Which of the following mechanisms best explains the development of ascites in this patient?

A 55-year-old patient with a history of alcohol abuse presents with hematemesis, melena, and signs of shock. Which of the following interventions should be prioritized for this patient? Select all that apply. 

Which of the following factors contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes? Select all that apply. 

Match the following gastrointestinal disorders with their primary pathophysiological mechanisms:

A 25-year-old patient presents with a severe headache, photophobia, and neck stiffness. They report a fever and confusion over the past 24 hours. The most likely causative agent in this case is a [A] [bacterial/viral/fungal] pathogen, requiring treatment with [B] [antibiotics/antivirals/antifungals].

Match the following sepsis-related terms with their definitions:

A 68-year-old patient is brought to the emergency department by family members due to sudden onset of right-sided weakness and difficulty speaking. Which of the following are potential complications of this patient’s condition? Select all that apply. 

A 70-year-old patient is admitted to the emergency department with fever, tachypnea, hypotension, and altered mental status. Blood cultures are positive for gram-negative rods. Which of the following are potential complications of septic shock? Select all that apply.