The beam-column of A992 steel is part of a braced frame with L = 15 ft, Pu = 300 kip, Mux = 150 kip-ft. A second-order analysis was performed with factored loads and reduced member stiffnesses to obtain the moments and axial force. Bending is about the strong axis. Considering only the following shapes and values obtained from the AISC procedure for ASD, select the lightest acceptable shape. Let Kx = 1.0, Ky = 1.0, and Cb = 1.0.ShapeValue of AISC interaction equationW12x581.554W12x721.138W12x791.032W12x870.929W12x960.835 

Using LRFD, determine the value of the AISC interaction equation for a W8x58 made from ASTM A992. Let L = 16 ft, Kx = Ky = 1.0, and Cb = 1.0. The factored loads are Pnt = 281.2 kip, Mnt = 177.6 kip-ft, The member is part of a braced frame, bending is about the x axis, and the LRFD moment amplification factor has been determined to be B1 = 1.248.

Determine Cb for the member if the moments at the top and bottom are 190 ft-kip and 400 ft-kip, respectively.

Determine Cb for the member if the moments at the top and bottom are 110 ft-kip and 540 ft-kip, respectively.

Even the roller support of a simple beam can experience _______ that restrains the beam longitudinally, inducing axial tension when transverse loads are applied.

P-Δ moments are secondary moments that are present when one end of the member translates with respect to the other.

Compute the LRFD moment amplification factor B1 for the W12x106 made from ASTM A992 steel with L = 15 ft, P = 300 kip, M = 210 kip-ft, and Kx = Ky = 1.0. Bending is about the x axis. The member is part of a braced frame, and the given service loads are 40% dead load and 60% live load. The frame analysis was performed using the requirements for the approximate second-order analysis method meaning that a reduced stiffness was used.

Determine Cb for the member if the moments at the top and bottom are 190 ft-kip and 500 ft-kip, respectively.

Using ASD, determine the value of the AISC interaction equation for a W18x65 made from ASTM A992. Let L = 16 ft, Kx = Ky = 1.0, and Cb = 1.0. The factored loads are Pnt = 120 kip, Mnt = 150 kip-ft, The member is part of a braced frame, bending is about the x axis, and the ASD moment amplification factor has been determined to be B1 = 1.024.

Many isolated one-story columns can be realistically treated as _______.