While measuring thoracolumbar lateral flexion using the universal goniometer the distal arm is aligned with the spinous process of C7, the therapist is able to maintain the arm along the curvature of the spine to obtain the accurate ROM.

The PTA aligns the goniometer with the landmarks to measure cervical flexion. What landmark is the fulcrum and the distal arm placed?

Normal ROM for cervical extension using an universal goniometer is ________

A PT’s plan for the patient’s next visit is to have their right and left lateral cervical flexion range of motion taken and compared to the evaluation. What bony landmark is the fulcrum of the goniometer placed when the PTA is taking the measurement?

Match the following special tests with what it tests

The therapist stabilizes the patient’s pelvis during thoracolumbar flexion to prevent which pelvic motion?

A patient is having difficulty moving their head in the sagittal plane around a frontal axis. What motion does the patient have trouble performing?

The intervertebral joints are cartilaginous joints of the __________ type.

What actions determine the end range of motion during lateral trunk flexion?

Around 55% of the total cervical range of rotation happens at the __________________________ Joint.