Which of the following components is not included in APA’s definition of an emotion?

From a lecture given by Satrapi in February 2012:  “To understand another’s laughter is to understand them as a person, a part of a culture—although, as Satrapi insists to the chuckling crowd, “Humor is a question of intelligence—people with no sense of humor are idiots and stupid.” It becomes increasingly clear that humor is more than a means of communication to Satrapi, but rather a way of approaching life. When asked about how her family coped with the turmoil in Iran, she responds: “You have to do things to be able to survive … When misery becomes unbearable, you must laugh about it or you die.” She returns again to her anger, and also cynicism, explaining that they are not the emotions she wishes to model her life on, but that humor—and art—are the keys to surviving. Satrapi, Marjane. “An Evening With Artist, Author, and Filmmaker Marjane Satrapi.” The Ruth and Carl J. Shapiro Celebrity Lectures, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Boston, MA. 25 April 2012.

In natural forest systems, snags often and easily become logs over time.

In general, hunters prefer to have smaller bag limits and longer seasons.

From the Reading:  Name THREE species that went extinct primarily because of  human impacts. (be careful guessing as incorrect answers will be scored as 0 (no penalty), -2, -2 for each subsequent incorrect answers.  3 correct answers = +3, but if you list 3 species that are still extant, your score is -4) 

The largest population size that the environment can sustain indefinitely is the Maximum Sustained Yield.

What are the 3 general assumptions that must be met for the Lincoln-Peterson population estimator to be valid?

Prospective cohort studies are less expensive and require minimum time to conduct as compared to either case-control or retrospective studies.

This figure describes habitat selection of two species of fruit-eating bats (aka flying foxes, A. jubatus and P. vampyrus). Based upon this information and assuming the goal is to stabilize or increase the populations of both bat species, which habitat type(s) would you as a wildlife biologist choose to focus on to create or protect (rank them from most to least important)?

If the prevailing wind blows from the northwest (a fact in Crookston), which shelter belt and wildlife food plot (labeled crops) arrangement would be most effective? (NOTE: Top of the screen is NORTH for all figures in this question.)