Using question 5, state the summary statistics (data from the sample – sample mean, sample standard deviation, sample size, and degrees of freedom).

True or False? Clearly explain your answer.  If we do not reject a null hypothesis at α = 0.01, we also do not reject the null hypothesis at α = 0.05?

Find the present worth of the new machine. The MARR is 12% per year/compounded annually.     New Nachine     First cost, $ −40,000     Annual operating cost, $  −5,000     Annual repair cost, $  −1,000     Overhaul after 5 years, $  −2,000     Salvage value, $   10,000     Life, years         10    

Which of the following is sister to B in this phylogeny?

Compare and contrast horizontal gene transfer and introgression.

You are a college professor running a systematics lab.  Your grad student found a paper in the literature reporting the phylogeny of her favorite group of organisms, based on gene A.  To verify the published phylogeny, she sequences gene B and gets a slightly different phylogeny.  What are four possible explanations for the difference between her result and the published one?

What does it mean to ‘root’ an unrooted phylogenetic tree, and how would you go about doing this?

According to the tree, which of the following is most closely related to E?

Explain what is meant by ‘character state’ in systematics, and give an example.

Compare and contrast a hard versus a soft polytomy