On May 1, Mary Merchant, the owner of an art gallery had the following verbal telephone conversation with Customer Charlotte: Mary Merchant: “I have a painting that I will sell to you for $30,000.” Customer Charlotte: “I can’t consider it until July 31.” Mary Merchant: “Ok, I will hold this offer open for you until August 15.” Mary Merchant and Customer Charlotte hung up the phone. At that moment, which ONE of the following best describes the legal rights of Mary Merchant and/or Customer Charlotte regarding the sale of the painting?

Billy (an adult) needs $20,000 as a down payment on a home mortgage. Larry agrees to loan Billy the $20,000, so long as Billy’s Mother GUARANTEES the debt. (In other words: so long as Billy’s Mother agrees to be the surety for Billy’s debt). In front of Larry, Billy’s Mother tells Billy, “I will pay your debt of $20,000 to Larry if you default on it.” Based on Billy’s Mother’s verbal statement, Larry loans the $20,000 to Billy. Billy makes no payments on the $20,000. Larry demands that Billy’s Mother pay the $20,000 debt based on her verbal Guaranty (Surety Agreement) with Billy. But, Billy’s Mother refuses to pay Larry. Larry sues Billy’s Mother to enforce her Guaranty (Surety Agreement). Which ONE of the following is the most likely outcome of that lawsuit, and why?

MAY 1: The following text exchange occurred: Carrie to Ralph: Hey Ralph! I’m leaving on a two-week vacation. While I’m gone, you can paint my house if you want. I’ll pay you $5,000. I’m sure some of the current paint will need scraping off first. Ralph to Carrie: Thanks for thinking of me! Not sure $5K is enough though. Carrie to Ralph: Well, let me know… or decide while I’m gone. If you decide later, just go ahead and do it. Carrie didn’t get a response from Ralph (by text or any other means) before she left on vacation. MAY 5: Ralph went to Carrie’s house and spent six hours scraping paint. Ralph realized the job would be much more work than he expected and that he would need to be paid more than $5,000 for the work. Ralph stopped working on Carrie’s job and left. MAY 6: Ralph was offered a different job that would take a month to complete and would pay him much more than Carrie’s job. Ralph texted Carrie: Sorry, can’t do your paint job. But again, thanks for thinking of me. Hope you’re having a great vacation. Carrie received and read Ralph’s text. MAY 15: Carrie returned home. Carrie discovered that she could not hire anyone else to paint her house for less than $8,500. Carrie demanded that Ralph finish the work. Ralph refused. Carrie hired another company to paint her house for $8,500. Carrie sued Ralph for the additional $3,500 that the full painting job cost her. QUESTIONS: Part A:  Explain Carrie’s best argument in support of her claim that a contract WAS formed between her and Ralph. Part B:  Explain Ralph’s best argument in support of his claim that a contract WAS NOT formed between him and Carrie. READ THE FOLLOWING BEFORE ANSWERING THIS ESSAY QUESTION: Make it clear when you are answering Part A and when you are answering Part B. Please do not repeat the question in your answers. HINT: This question is designed to test your knowledge of unilateral vs. bilateral contracts.

In a written and signed agreement, Ron hired Mary to build a horse paddock fence for a total of $8,000. Ron told Mary that a horse would be there in two weeks, and thus the fence had to be completed before then. Mary agreed that she would have it complete within two weeks. Twelve (12) days later, Mary threatened to stop working unless Ron agreed to pay her an additional $1,000 for the exact same fence. Feeling pressured because the horse was to be delivered in two days, Ron agreed to Mary’s demand for more money. When Mary finished the work, Ron refused to pay her the extra $1,000. Which ONE of the following statements best describes the legal situation between Ron and Mary now?

What does the epiglottis do during swallowing?

When you breakdown a carbohydrate, what do you get?

Which of the following is primarily digested in mouth?  

All of the following are symptoms of Chronic Mesentreric Ischemia EXCEPT:

What resources accumulated or formed during the Mesozoic?

5.  ______________________, which is a software licensing and delivery model where apps are subscribed to and accessed over the Internet.