The Notothenioidei is a suborder of fish that includes the icefish family. This one suborder make up a third of all fish species and 90% of the biomass in the Southern Ocean. 

What was the advantage to the icefish of losing their erythrocytes?

Arthur DeVries discovered that the sera of notothenioid fish freeze at a temperature _______ than the temperature of the Southern Ocean.

What adaptations allow the icefish to survive without red blood cells? Mark all that apply.

What happened to the icefish hemoglobin genes?

What kind of cell makes collagen?

James Lind published his results in a long, plodding, book called A Treatise on Scurvy six years after his experiment. What recommendation did he make in the book that undermined the credibility of his discovery?

In 1953, Johan Rund traveled to South Georgia island and was able to get live specimens of Icefish. He took a blood sample and centrifuged it.  He found:

The saliva of what blood-feeding animal contains the anticoagulant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) to keep the host’s blood flowing while it feeds? 

ATTEMPT ANY TWO (If you answer all three, Dr. Davé will review them all and select the best two for a maximum of 6 points.) a.) Explain the sequential mechanism involved in heterochromatin formation as directed by histone methylation. (3 pts) OR b.) Providing an example of the interferon gene, describe how sequential chemical modifications on histone tails facilitate promoter activation to initiate gene transcription. (3 pts) OR c.) What is a Chromodomain? Explain the role of Chromodomain in regulating gene expression. (3 pts)