________________________ was in charge of the expedition. 

Of the men on the expedition, ______ came from Florida.

Of the journals of the trip survive, what is NOT true?

Newman tried all the following ways to increase progress, except ______________________.

In 1500, The Netherlands and __________________ were most urban areas in Europe.

Christopher Columbus and _________________________ were both Italian explorers who had to sail under foreign flags in order to do any significant exploration.

_____________________________ participated in over 50 sieges, and fought in over 100 battles.

Italy’s trade routes to India became cut off by the _______________ just to their east.

Briefly explain why lichens (fungus+alage) are great pioneer species during primary succession. (Complete sentences needed)

Choose ONE of the Freshwater systems we covered in class and list TWO functions of that system.