A stickleback fish will attack a fish model as long as the model has red coloring. This red coloration elicits aggressive behavior in the males who perceive it as a sign of competition. Which of the following is illustrated by this observation?

A 38-year-old patient presents to the clinic with acute onset of abdominal pain. On abdominal exam, a maneuver is performed involving flexing the patient’s right hip to 90 degrees and internally rotating the right hip by moving the knee inward or medially. The patient reports no abdominal pain with this movement. What physical exam maneuver was performed and what condition is less likely at this point?

Natural selection itself creates new traits in a population.

Which of the following is NOT one of the three main levels of biodiversity?

The current extinction rate is 100 to 10,000 times higher than the natural background rate.  Define extinction in your own words. (1 point) Explain why extinction matters to humans. (1 point) Name and briefly describe two human-related or natural causes of extinction. (4 points) Why is extinction considered a necessary part of evolution? (2 points)    

1. Explain the species interactions in each of the following symbiotic relationships: parasitism, commensalism and mutualism.  (6 points) 2. Provide a specific example or scenario for one of them. (2 points)

Which of the following statements best explains how continental drift caused the uniqueness of Australian animal life before Europeans settled on the continent?

What is the correct order for the events that occur during a reflex? a: Impulse travels through sensory neuron to the CNSb: A stimulus activates a receptorc: Information is processed by interneuronsd: Motor neuron transmits impulse to effectore: Effector responds

Evolution can be a very controversial topic for discussion. 1. If you had to explain evolution in one sentence to someone who is not taking this course, what does evolution mean? (2 points)  2. Provide two examples of evidence from this course that evolution occurs. (2 points)  

DDT mosquito vs. bird shells