A PTA is treating a patient diagnosed with adhesive capsulitis.  While performing stretching exercises for shoulder flexion the PTA notes a firm end feel at 45 degrees of ER.  This would be considered: 

A physical therapist assistant treats a patient who has limited shoulder range of motion that the physical therapist has determined is due to tissue restriction.  Which graded oscillation techniques would be the MOST appropriate to treat this patient?

The PTA is instructing the patient in strengthening exercise for the middle trapezius.  Where will the PTA place his/her hand to determine if there is palpable muscle contraction?

Which of the following conditions will cause a decrease in the individual’s buoyancy during aquatic activities?

A PTA is palpating a patient’s shoulder and notes tenderness over the bicipital groove.  What muscle tendon is located in this region?

Which one of the following gleno-humeral joint structures is responsible for increasing the congruency of the joint by deepening the fossa?

During normal scapulohumeral rhythm, the first _______ of elevation occurs at the _______joint only 

A PTA is treating a patient diagnosed with shoulder impingement and notes decreased scapular upward rotation.  Which of the following motion(s) would the PTA MOST likely be able to observe this limitation of scapular motion?

The PTA is performing a posture analysis.  (S)he notes that the patient stands with the shoulders rounded forward.  (S)he will record the position of the scapula as: 

What is the BEST position to place a patient to strengthen to (R) external rotators throughout range of motion?  ( assume patient has normal AROM)