[U5Q] Nikola is working with a client who wants to quit smoking cigarettes. The client’s current baseline is one pack of cigarettes per day. Nikola and the client develop a token economy where the client earns a reinforcer for smoking a set number of cigarettes or fewer per day. Each week, the daily allotment decreases by one cigarette. They decide on this rate of change because the client wants to join a running group in about 20 weeks. What should Nikola consider when using a changing criterion design?

[U6Q] What can we conclude from the data in this figure?  

[U5Q] Evan, an RBT, records data on the number of times his client Serena raises her hand during her English class. Evan’s supervisor is uncertain Evan’s data are accurate and sends a BCaBA to the class to collect data to calculate interobserver agreement (IOA). Evan records the following daily counts of hand raising for the week: 12, 3, 7, 8, and 13. The BCaBA’s counts are 9, 2, 5, 6, and 10. The supervisor calculates IOA ratios for the observers for each interval as 0.75, 0.67, 0.71, 0.75, and 0.77. The supervisor then adds the ratios, divides the sum by five observations, and multiplies the quotient by 100 to obtain an IOA score of 73%. This is an example of:

[U6Q] What can we conclude from the data in this figure?  

[U5Q] Mario is working with his client to help increase his daily living skills. After completing tasks, the client enjoys listening to music at a high volume. Mario wants to examine if music is more effective as a reinforcer when it is played at either 80, 90, or 100 decibels. Which analysis would be the best for Mario to use?

[U6Q] What can we conclude from the data presented in the following graph?  

[U5Q] Noah, a BCBA, records data on the number of times his client Katelyn speaks out of turn during her math class. Noah’s supervisor, Mark, is uncertain of the accuracy of Noah’s data and decides to collect data to calculate IOA. At the end of the week, Noah records the number of times Katelyn speaks out of turn as 5, 3, 2, 7, and 9. Mark’s counts are 6, 3, 3, 7, and 11. Mark calculates IOA by determining the percentages of agreement for the observers for each interval as 0.83, 1.00, 0.67, 1.00, and 0.81. The supervisor then adds the ratios, divides the sum by five observations, and multiplies by 100 to obtain an IOA score of 86.20%. This is an example of:

[U5Q] Zara is conducting a functional analysis to determine the maintaining variables for her client’s self-scratching behavior. Zara makes sure she does not run all of the conditions following lunchtime by randomly assessing her client 30 minutes before lunch time or 30 minutes after lunch time. What should Zara consider when using a multielement design?

[U5Q] Marybel and her assistant Naomi are tracking how long it takes for an employee to greet a customer as they walk into the store. Marybel records that it takes 21 seconds to greet a customer, while Naomi records that it takes 24 seconds to greet a customer. They calculate the interobserver agreement (IOA) and get an IOA score of 87.5%. This is an example of:

[U5Q] Tara and Andrei are counting how many goal attempts are made in each period of a hockey game. Tara counts 5, 6, and 13. Andrei counts 7, 6, and 13. For two of the three goal attempts their counts match, which results in an IOA of 66.7%. This is an example of: