Match each phase of the cardiac cycle with its description.

Exam 2 InstructionsThere are 30 multiple-choice, fill-in-the-blank, or matching questions worth 4 points each.There are four short-answer questions worth 20 points each.You will have 2 hours to complete the exam.

Exam Rules:This assignment is timed and you will get 1 hour total to complete it.You will need a space big enough that the webcam can see your face, arms, and a large area of desk/table space where you are working while you are taking the exam.You must take exams at a table or desk and it must be cleared of everything besides your computer before the room scan.Taking exams in bed, or on the floor will not be allowed.Autofill settings and spellcheck in Chrome must be disabled.The room scan must capture your full desk/table (it is ok if you need to step away from it for this).The room scan must capture UNDER your full desk/table.No notes or any other outside sources of information are permitted during the exam (this includes running spell check on your computer or predictive text popping up on your screen).  If this is discovered, it is cheating, it will result in a grade of zero for the examination, and will activate an investigation with results reported to the Dean of Student Affairs.You will need to have an ID with your picture and name to show the proctor.You will also need to show the proctor your physical computer screen so either have a mirror ready or be prepared to take the computer to a place with a mirror.You are expected to follow the proctor’s request to see things in the space where you are taking the exam.  They are trying to help you show that you are not cheating for the recording of your examination that proctoring staff and Dr. Kalifa will be watching later.Only the proctoring software/system and Blackboard may be running on your computer when you take the exam.  Expect the exam proctor to ask you to open your task manager or force quit application to ensure this is the case.DISCONNECTIONS: If something happens and you get disconnected during the exam, you just go back into Honorlock and follow the prompts to reconnect.  If you do not reconnect with them as soon as possible, your exam will only be graded up to the point of the disconnection.If these rules and the rules in the Distance Learning Exam Guide are not followed, you will be awarded 0 points for the exam.  You will not be able to retake the exam.  The same applies if you do not comply with the proctor’s request to see something in your working space or if you get disconnected and do not reconnect as soon as possible.Your instructor as well as MC staff/administrators may review your exam recordings.  Your exam recording may also be analyzed by the current proctoring service provider.TASK MANAGER: Prior to starting the exam, test-takers must open their task manager or force quit application. The test-taker must close everything other than their Chrome browser and the only browser tabs that should be open are Honorlock and Blackboard    —-  Anything below this line is from Blackboard. The rules for taking this exam are outlined above.  —-

A sudden drop in blood pressure causes GFR to fall. What short-term mechanism will help restore GFR, and how?

If the proximal convoluted tubule fails to reabsorb solutes efficiently, what would you expect to find in the urine?

Some substances are removed from the blood by being moved from the peritubular capillaries into the nephron tubule. Why is this process important?

A virus mutates frequently, altering its surface proteins. Which immune evasion strategy is this an example of?

Module 12 — Aldosterone-Response FailureA dehydrated patient has intact renin release, ACE activity, and angiotensin II signaling, but cells in the late distal tubule and collecting duct cannot respond to aldosterone.Predict whether renin, angiotensin II, and aldosterone levels will be low, normal, or elevated. Explain your predictions. (5 points)Predict the effects on sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the distal nephron. (5 points)Predict the effects on water retention, blood volume, and blood pressure. (4 points)Identify two actions of angiotensin II that can still occur despite aldosterone-receptor failure. (4 points)

If a patient loses a significant amount of blood, which of the following effects would be expected as part of RAAS activation?

A patient has low blood albumin (albumin is protein found in plasma) levels due to liver disease. Which filtration-related pressure is most affected, and what is the likely outcome?