Which following functions are directly performed by the kidneys?

The first line of defense involves surface barriers that prevent the entry of pathogens into the body. Surface barriers include the…………..and ……………………….   . 

During atrial systole and ventricular diastole:  ………………………………….    

The ……………. depolarizes about 60 times per minute and is the normal pacemaker of the heart. Initiates rhythmic contractions of the heart. (Represented with number 1.)    

Which following structure  is located  within the renal medulla of the kidney and Indicated with the number 11?        

From the outside in, the correct order of the layers of the digestive tract is __________.    

What fissure separates the right upper and right middle lobes of the lung?                 

The presence of glucose and ketone bodies in the urine can indicate __________.    

What makes up the upper respiratory tract?      

Smooth and skeletal muscle in the wall of the esophagus propel the bolus toward the stomach via rhythmic contractions called …………………