A manager is developing a promotion policy and evaluates it by asking whether employees would consider it fair if they did not know their current rank, salary, or status in the organization. Which concept is the manager applying?

A supervisor serves as a mentor, tailoring coaching and development opportunities to the unique needs of each employee. Which component of transformational leadership is most evident?

A salesperson learns that a product has a flaw that is unlikely to affect most customers. Disclosing the flaw will likely cost the company a major contract. Which ethical perspective would most strongly support disclosure?

A leader makes decisions by focusing on the unique needs of team members and the specific relationships involved rather than applying the same rule in every situation. Which ethical approach is most reflected in this behavior?

An employee is unsure whether to support a new workplace practice. Because most coworkers appear to support it, the employee decides to support it as well without examining other evidence. Which influence trigger is most evident?

A manager describes a company layoff solely as a cost-cutting measure and ignores its effects on employees and communities. Which concept is most clearly illustrated?

Elena is concerned that employees excluded from the leadership-development program may receive fewer opportunities and lower expectations from supervisors. Which phenomenon does she most likely want to avoid?

An employee spends significant time listening to frustrated coworkers, helping them interpret difficult messages from leadership, and connecting them with resources to solve problems. Which role is the employee primarily serving?

A supervisor creates a mentoring program specifically for employees from groups that have historically had fewer advancement opportunities. Which principle best supports this decision?

A manager immediately feels that a proposed employee monitoring system is unethical but later reviews company policies, stakeholder concerns, and potential benefits before making a decision. Which approach to ethical decision-making is demonstrated?