A patient has swelling localized to the ankle. Compared with systemic edema, which explanation best supports that this is a regional problem rather than a whole-body homeostasis failure?

A patient inhales a gas that diffuses directly across the alveolar membrane without binding to a transporter. Which mechanism best explains this movement?

A nurse documents that a lesion is superficial to the fascia but deep to the epidermis. Which tissue layer is the most likely location of the lesion?

A student reports pain that begins at the anterior shoulder and radiates down the arm toward the thumb. Which description most accurately traces the direction of radiation?

A rapidly dividing tissue is exposed to radiation that damages DNA. Which tissue is most likely to show early functional impairment?

A negative feedback loop requires that the response increases the original deviation from the set point.

An MRI slice is taken that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. Which plane produces this view?

In anatomical position, the thumbs point medially toward the body’s midline.

Oxidative phosphorylation depends on a proton gradient across a membrane. In eukaryotes, this gradient is established across which structure?

A cell uses ATP to power a transport process. Which feature of ATP best explains why it can transfer energy to cellular work?