___________ assigned counsel systems are those in which the judge chooses a defense attorney on a case by case basis.

A(n) __________ occurs after the police develop probable cause that the suspect committed a crime and/or they obtain an arrest warrant issued by a judicial magistrate.

_______ has been defined by the Supreme Court as more than bare suspicion.

The history of criminal defense can be traced back to _______.

The appointment from a list of private bar members who accept cases on a judge-by-judge, court-by-court, case-by-case basis are known as _______.

________ refers to differences between groups of people based on cultural customs such as language.

Many defendants have appealed their convictions on the ground that the jury list or panel was biased in some fashion. Which of the following is not a fact the defendant must prove?

__________ occurs when the court collects a deposit from the individual being released in order to ensure that he or she appears for later scheduled hearings.

Conviction rates for indigent defendants and those with their own lawyers were about the same in Federal and State courts. About_______% of Federal defendants and ________% of the defendants in the most populous counties were found guilty regardless of the type of their attorneys.

By the time of the Revolution, there were fewer than ______ lawyers in Massachusetts, which had a population of around 200,000, a much smaller ratio than today.