Stirrups do not preventing inclined cracks from forming.

The easiest way to test the bond strength of bars in a laboratory is by the pull-out test.

Assuming Vs does not exceed 4sqrt(f’c)bwd, the maximum spacing for vertical stirrups in the following beam is _____. Let b1 = 31 in., b2 = 15 in., d1 = 4 in., and d2 = 53 in. There are three No. 7 longitudinal tension bars and No. 5 stirrups at 10 in. o.c.

Development length is the shortest length of bar in which the bar stress can increase from zero to the yield stress.

Determine the transverse reinforcement index, Ktr, for a rectangular beam with b = 17 in. and d = 23 in., five galvanized No. 9 Grade 60 tension-reinforcement bars placed in the top of the beam, and No. 3 Grade 40 stirrups located every 6 in. along the span. Assume 7,000-psi lightweight concrete and a clear cover of 2 in.

A rectangular beam with cross section b = 16 in., h = 22 in., and d = 19.5 in. supports a total factored uniform load of 1.60 kips/ft, including its own dead load. The beam is simply supported with a 18-ft span. It is reinforced with five No. 5 Grade 60 bars, three of which are cutoff between midspan and the support and two of which extend 10 in. past the centers of the supports. The concrete strength is 4,200 psi (normal weight). The beam has Grade 60 No. 3 stirrups satisfying ACI 318-14 Sections 9.7.6.2.2 and 9.6.3.3. The strength of the five bars is φMn = 130.3 kip-ft, and the strength of the remaining two bars is φMn = 53.5 kip-ft. Determine the distance from the support to the theoretical cutoff point (i.e. disregard ACI 318-14 Section 9.7.3.3).

When the steel ratio, ρw, is small, flexural cracks extend _______ into the beam and open _______ than would be the case with large values of ρw.

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A simply-supported beam has a 1 kip/ft uniformly-distributed load over the left half of its 9-ft span. What is the magnitude of the shear force at midspan?

A 124-mm-long beam supports a load of P = 48 N at midspan. The cross section is rectangular with width b = 25 mm and height h = 40 mm. Determine the magnitude of the horizontal shear stress at the centroid of the cross section.