Determine a correct contradiction to the following statements.  If Biden wins, then if Harris is vice-president then Pence is not vice-president. 

Use Venn Diagrams (on whiteboard or scratch-paper) to solve the following problems: All survivalists are people who enjoy simulated war games. No people who enjoy simulated war games are soldiers who have tasted the agony of real war. All soldiers who have tasted the agony of real war are survivalists. 26(2).PNG

Use Venn Diagrams (on whiteboard or scratch-paper) to solve the following problems: No theocracies are regimes open to change. All theocracies are governments that rule by force. Some governments that rule by force are not regimes open to change. 26(3).PNG

Identify the form of the following arguments. ~B ⊃ ~J ~J____ B

Identify the form of the following arguments. F ⊃ ~K    ~N ⊃ F    ~N ⊃ ~K

The following problems relate to using substitution instances to find the counterexample (1.5) All evangelicals are political conservatives, so some fundamentalists are evangelicals, since some fundamentalists are political conservatives.

What is the best statement for P2? P1.Either cardio or weight-training increases limb strength. P2. _____________________________________________________ ∴C1. Cardio increases limb strength. (disjunctive syllogism P1, P2)

What is the correct inference rule for C4? P1. If humans do not have free will, then humans are not morally responsible. P2. Humans are morally responsible. ∴ C1.  Humans do have free will. P3. If humans do have free will, then humans can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause. ∴ C2.  Humans can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause. P4. The gods can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause. ∴ C3.  Humans can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause, and the gods can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause. P5. If Humans can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause, and the gods can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause, then humans are like the gods. P6. If humans are like gods, then humans can do anything within the realm of possibility. ∴ C4. If Humans can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause and the gods can generate events that are not the effect of a prior cause, then humans can do anything within the realm of possibility.

Use your knowledge of hypothetical reasoning and the distinction between science and superstition to answer the following questions (Chapters 13-14).   The biologist John Needham hypothesized that…

Determine a correct contradiction to the following statements. No bottles are pollutants if all bottles are recycled.