A researcher conducts a survey examining eating and sleeping behavior as well as academic performance for a group of elementary school children. The results of the survey indicate that the children who eat a more nutritious breakfast tend to have better grades than the children who have a breakfast low in nutrition. However, the research suspects that the children’s parents may be responsible for this relationship. Specifically, the better-educated parents probably encourage their children to eat better food and work harder in school compared to parents with less education. If the researcher is correct, this is an example of the ____.

A differential research design comes closer to being a true experiment that other similar designs.

Any factor that limits the ability to generalize the results of the study is a threat to ____.

A researcher developed a new intelligence test for elementary school children. However, the researcher fears that the scores from the test may actually be measuring the children’s reading ability. To show that the test is really measuring intelligence and not reading ability, the researcher must demonstrate ____validity.

Match the research strategy with the research scenario. You will only use each research strategy once.

A newspaper article discussing someone’s research is an example of a ____ source.

Who is acting as a confederate?

If individuals are pressured into participating in research because the researcher is in a position of power or authority, then which ethical principle is being compromised?

In which research situation below would an extraneous variable become a confounding variable?

A researcher is intrigued by an explanation of children’s problem-solving strategies found in a journal article and develops a research study to determine whether the article’s ideas are correct. This study can be classified as ____ research.