Experts and ReactionsMatch the person with their response. Dr. Temple Grandin Dr. Ian Duncan Adele Douglass John Robbins a) Resigned from the advisory council, citing misuseb) Called the plant employees’ behavior “atrocious”c) Wrote the critical articled) Said the video showed the worst cruelty he had ever seen  

Most people consider bacteria dangerous. After all, these microorganisms cause a host of serious human diseases, including tuberculosis, typhoid fever, pneumonia, and food poisoning. In fact, however, only a small percentage of bacteria cause diseases, while many bacteria are actually beneficial to humans. For example, doctors use bacteria to produce vaccines and other medicines. Bacteria are also critical to many industrial processes, from fermenting wine to recycling wastes, and scientists use bacteria to study many of the biological processes common to all living things. With such a wide variety of economic and scientific applications, it is no surprise that several laboratories around the United States grow and sell bacteria as a crop. These laboratories use specialized farming techniques to produce one of the nation’s most valuable biological commodities. Like plants, bacteria have specific growth requirements. In particular, they need a place to grow and they need a supply of nutrients. Bacteria may be cultivated in containers ranging from small test tubes to giant steel tanks. The organisms are placed in a container along with a nutritionally balanced liquid or jelly, called a culture medium, which provides vitamins, minerals, and fluids to the growing bacteria. The growth container and culture medium must be kept at a constant temperature that is appropriate for the type of bacteria being cultivated. Most bacteria used in medicine and industry grow best between 20° and 45°C. In a closed container, bacteria exhibit a definite growth pattern. The figure shows a typical bacterial growth curve. All bacteria follow this pattern, a fact that is very important to anyone who wants to cultivate them in large numbers. When bacteria are first placed in a growth container, they must adapt to their new environment, and growth is slow while they are making this adjustment. This period is called the “start phase” of the bacterial growth cycle. At the end of this phase, as the bacteria become accustomed to their new living conditions, they begin to grow and reproduce rapidly. During the second phase, called the “log phase,” a population explosion occurs. In a large tank, millions of new bacteria may be produced every hour during this phase. Eventually, however, the bacterial population reaches the maximum size possible, given the limitations of the growth container. At this point, the bacteria enter the “stationary growth phase,” during which they continue to reproduce, but at a slower rate. After a time, the bacteria use up their supply of nutrients and their wastes accumulate in the growth container. The final period in the growth cycle, called the “death phase,” occurs when the bacteria begin to die faster than they reproduce. People who grow bacteria for science and industry take advantage of this unique growth cycle. Bacteria are harvested during the “stationary growth phase,” yielding a good crop of usable organisms. By carefully monitoring the growth pattern, bacteria farmers can also decide when to add more nutrients to the culture medium or to transfer the bacteria to new growth containers. In this way, they can prevent large losses during the “death phase.” By applying knowledge of the growth requirements and patterns of bacteria, these modern-day agriculturalists are able to help everyone derive the maximum benefit from these versatile organisms. —THEA Practice Test, Pearson Education, Inc., Copyright © 2010 4. Which of the following is mentioned as a condition for growing bacteria? A. constant movement of air in the growing container B. a special government-issued license C. controlled light exposure D. a specialized growing medium

What is the author’s thesis in a single sentence?

Robbins argues that Komen risks its credibility by aligning with KFC.

There are two possible outcomes for students enrolled in ALP: Students who pass both ENGL 098 and ENGL 101 Receive P (Pass) for ENGL 098 Receive a letter grade of A, B, or C for ENGL 101 Are eligible to enroll in ENGL 102 Students who pass ENGL 098 but fail ENGL 101 Receive P (Pass) for ENGL 098 Receive a letter grade of D or F for ENGL 101 Will be required to retake ENGL 101

Test Your Understanding, Context Clues Please read the following reading selection and answer all the questions that follow (10 Points). Blue whales are the largest animals on earth. Until harpoon cannons became available, 19th- century, whalers were unable to hunt these powerful, swift creatures, and until the start of the 20th century, blue whales could be found in abundance in almost every ocean. Before whaling began, there were an estimated 275,000 blue whales. By the 1960s, the population had dropped 10 an estimated low of 650 to 2,000. Valued for their oil, meat, and other body parts, they were hunted almost to extinction and have been on the endangered species list for many years. Although a precise count is not possible, it is estimated that the blue whale population worldwide is now between 8,000 and 14,000. During summer and fall, the world’s largest concentrations of these whales can be seen feeding along the central California coast. During the past few decades, whale hunting has decreased, and blue whale populations are beginning to recover. However, human predators have not been their only problem. Their size alone presents unique challenges for survival. This textbook selection explores the biological adaptations this immense creature has had to make ill order to survive.   1          An intrepid visitor to the perpetually frozen Antarctic could stand at the coastline, raise binoculars, and witness a dramatic sight just a few hundred meters offshore: a spout as tall and straight as a telephone pole fountaining upward from the blowhole of a blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus), then condensing into a massive cloud of water vapor in the frigid air. The gigantic animal beneath the water jet would be expelling stale air from its 1-ton lungs after a dive in search of food. Then, resting at the surface only long enough to take four deep breaths of fresh air, the streamlined animal would raise its broad tail, thrust mightily, and plunge into the ocean again. The observer on shore might see such a sequence only twice per hour, since the blue whale can hold its breath for 30 minutes as it glides along like a submarine, swallowing trillions of tiny shrimplike animals called krill. 2          It is difficult to comprehend the immense proportions of the blue whale, the largest animal ever to inhabit our planet. At 25 to 30 m (80 to 100 ft) in length, this marine mammal is longer than three railroad boxcars and bigger than any dinosaur that ever lumbered on land. It weighs more than 25 elephants or 1600 fans at a basketball game. Its heart is the size of a beetle—a Volkswagen beetle. And that organ pumps 7200 kg (8 tons) of blood through nearly 2 million kilometers (1.25 million miles) of blood vessels, the largest of which could accommodate an adult person crawling on hands and knees. The animal has a tongue the size of a grown elephant. It has 45,500 kg (50 tons) of muscles to move its 54,500 kg (60 tons) of skin, bones, and organs. And this living mountain can still swim at speeds up to 48 km (30 mil per hour! 3        Leviathan proportions aside, it is difficult to grasp the enormous problems that so large an organism must overcome simply to stay alive. For starters, a blue whale is a warm-blooded animal with a relatively high metabolic rate; to stay warm and active in an icy ocean environment, it must consume and burn 1 million kilocalories a day. This it does by straining 3600 kg (8000 lb) of krill from the ocean water each day on special food-gathering sieve plates. In addition, each of the trillions of cells in the whale’s organs must exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, take in nutrients, and rid itself of organic wastes, just as a single-celled protozoan living freely in seawater must do. Yet a given whale cell-a liver cell, let’s say-can lie deep in the body, separated from the environment by nearly 2 m (6 It) of blubber, muscle, bone, and other tissues. For this reason, the whale needs elaborate transport systems to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to carry away carbon dioxide and other wastes. Finally, the galaxy of living cells inside a whale must be coordinated and controlled by a brain, a nervous system, and chemical regulators (hormones) so that the organism can function as a single unit. 4          Although blue whales are the largest animals that have ever lived, they share with all other animals the same fundamental physical problems of day-to-day survival: how to extract energy from the environment; how to exchange nutrients, wastes, and gases; how to distribute materials to all the cells in the body; how to maintain a constant internal environment despite fluctuations in the external environment; how to support the body; and how to protect it from attackers or from damaging environmental conditions. Blue whales have evolved with unique adaptations of form and function that meet such challenges and leave the animals suited to their way of life. Choose the collect letter only. An intrepid visitor to the perpetually frozen Antarctic could stand at the coastline, raise binoculars, and witness a dramatic sight just a few hundred meters offshore. Columbus was an intrepid explorer who set sail for the unknown New World. Intrepid means: Extremely cold Fun-loving Fearless, bold Weary; fatigued

Please read the following passage and answer all questions. Why College Students Should Learn Time Management Time management is one of the most important skills for success in college. Students who learn to manage their time effectively often experience less stress, higher academic performance, and better work-life balance. While some students believe they can succeed by cramming before deadlines, research shows that consistent time management habits lead to stronger results. First, time management reduces stress. Students who plan their schedules are less likely to feel overwhelmed when assignments pile up. By breaking big projects into smaller tasks, they can approach their work step by step, avoiding last-minute panic. Second, good time management improves academic performance. Regular study sessions help students retain information better than all-night cramming. Prioritizing tasks also ensures that students give enough time to their most important assignments. This steady approach supports higher grades and deeper learning. Finally, time management encourages balance. Students who schedule time for rest, exercise, and social activities tend to feel healthier and more motivated. Balancing work and leisure helps prevent burnout, which is common among college students. In short, managing time is not just about meeting deadlines—it is about reducing stress, improving academic outcomes, and creating a healthier lifestyle. According to the article, which of the following is NOT a benefit of time management?A. Reducing stressB. Improving academic performanceC. Creating balance between work and leisureD. Saving money on college tuition  

Most people consider bacteria dangerous. After all, these microorganisms cause a host of serious human diseases, including tuberculosis, typhoid fever, pneumonia, and food poisoning. In fact, however, only a small percentage of bacteria cause diseases, while many bacteria are actually beneficial to humans. For example, doctors use bacteria to produce vaccines and other medicines. Bacteria are also critical to many industrial processes, from fermenting wine to recycling wastes, and scientists use bacteria to study many of the biological processes common to all living things. With such a wide variety of economic and scientific applications, it is no surprise that several laboratories around the United States grow and sell bacteria as a crop. These laboratories use specialized farming techniques to produce one of the nation’s most valuable biological commodities. Like plants, bacteria have specific growth requirements. In particular, they need a place to grow and they need a supply of nutrients. Bacteria may be cultivated in containers ranging from small test tubes to giant steel tanks. The organisms are placed in a container along with a nutritionally balanced liquid or jelly, called a culture medium, which provides vitamins, minerals, and fluids to the growing bacteria. The growth container and culture medium must be kept at a constant temperature that is appropriate for the type of bacteria being cultivated. Most bacteria used in medicine and industry grow best between 20° and 45°C. In a closed container, bacteria exhibit a definite growth pattern. The figure shows a typical bacterial growth curve. All bacteria follow this pattern, a fact that is very important to anyone who wants to cultivate them in large numbers. When bacteria are first placed in a growth container, they must adapt to their new environment, and growth is slow while they are making this adjustment. This period is called the “start phase” of the bacterial growth cycle. At the end of this phase, as the bacteria become accustomed to their new living conditions, they begin to grow and reproduce rapidly. During the second phase, called the “log phase,” a population ex- plosion occurs. In a large tank, millions of new bacteria may be produced every hour during this phase. Eventually, however, the bacterial population reaches the maximum size possible, given the limitations of the growth container. At this point, the bacteria enter the “stationary growth phase,” during which they continue to reproduce, but at a slower rate. After a time, the bacteria use up their supply of nutrients and their wastes accumulate in the growth container. The final period in the growth cycle, called the “death phase,” occurs when the bacteria begin to die faster than they reproduce. People who grow bacteria for science and industry take advantage of this unique growth cycle. Bacteria are harvested during the “stationary growth phase,” yielding a good crop of usable organisms. By carefully monitoring the growth pattern, bacteria farmers can also decide when to add more nutrients to the culture medium or to transfer the bacteria to new growth containers. In this way, they can prevent large losses during the “death phase.” By applying knowledge of the growth requirements and patterns of bacteria, these modern-day agriculturalists are able to help everyone derive the maximum benefit from these versatile organisms. —THEA Practice Test, Pearson Education, Inc., Copyright © 2010 3. According to information presented in the selection, which of the following would most likely hasten the “death phase” of the bacterial growth cycle? A. transferring the bacterial population to a smaller growth container B. neglecting to monitor growth during the “start phase” of the growth cycle C. increasing the amount of liquids in the culture medium D. failing to make adjustments in the temperature of the culture medium

Choose the collect letter only. The primary reason the authors wrote this selection is to:   convince readers that blue whales are big. inform readers about the size of the blue whale and the challenges its size poses for its survival. encourage conservationists to protect blue whales.

Choose the collect letter only. For this reason, the whale needs elaborate transport systems to deliver oxygen and nutrients and to carry away carbon dioxide and wastes.   The plans for the queen ‘s coronation ceremony were so elaborate that it took a staff of 500 people to carry OUI the arrangements.   Elaborate means: time-consuming very complex difficult to understand simple