89. Tophi are best described as:

36. A middle aged woman has been experiencing low back pain that recently started to radiate to both buttocks and down her legs. She complains of leg weakness and problems with walking. Along with the symptoms, she reports new onset of urinary incontinence, in which she leaks a small amount of urine at random. She reports numbness on her perineal area, which is new. She denies trauma but reports that she recently moved to a new apartment and has been lifting and moving furniture. Which of the following is best described?

80. Which of the following classes of medication is commonly recommended as part of first-line-therapy in the newly diagnosed person with type 2 diabetes?

41. How does Crohn’s disease differ from ulcerative colitis?

54. Naomi has developed an acute illness of Hepatitis A (HAV). When should you suspect that her anti-HAV immunoglobulin M (IgM) titer should disappear?

99. During a physical examination, the nurse practitioner instructs the patient to make a fist by folding his thumb and then covering the thumb with the other fingers. The patient complains of pain. Which of the following conditions is this test indicative of?

79. An individual is being evaluated by the NP for a thyroid disorder. The NP notes that the TSH is 0.01 mcg U/L. What should the NP do next?

33. A 20 year-old Hispanic man complains of right knee pain after twisting it while playing soccer. The patient anxiously tells the nurse practitioner that the injured knee sometimes locks when he walks or attempts to straighten the leg. This best describes which of the following conditions?

13. Parkinsons’ disease is primarily caused by:

57. All the following are risk factors associated with long-term use of PPIs EXCEPT: