In United States v. Ceccolini, the Court created the so-called_____. Here they observed that witnesses “can, and often do, come forward and offer evidence entirely of their own volition.”

______ focused on a Michigan statute which set forth specific requirements necessary for a valid guilty plea. The court expressed concern that some of what could be called plea bargaining was taking place without the approval of the courts.

________ call for removal of potential jurors without any type of argument.

Approximately ______ percent of convicted offenders in state courts are males.

_______ refer to laws that provide lenient sentences in exchange for guilty pleas.

_______ cases come in two varieties: high-profile, disturbing and potentially grizzly cases; those involving celebrities.

An example of the pressure for innocent defendants to plead guilty was seen in _______.

The defendant’s competency is usually considered in a separate pretrial hearing. This was the rule announced in _________.

As far back as _______, researchers began to explore possible racial ethnic bias in sentencing.

One study that analyzed California data found that ____ percent of all African-American men in that state were likely to be arrested by age 30.