You may also download the exam and fill in answers. 1. World…
You may also download the exam and fill in answers. 1. World population is projected to increase to over 9 billion people by 2050. Income/capita is also expected to increase by 2050. This has important implications for future food demand and availability. What are the options for increasing agricultural production to meet these needs and what are the constraints of meeting future food demand? (6pts) Explain five(5) market/policy failures and policy options you would propose to address this problem of land use. (12 pts) Is economic scarcity of minerals and energy a myth or reality? State whether you side with “scarcity myth” or “scarcity reality”, and briefly explain why. (4 pts) What are some key policy issues that impact the scarcity of minerals and energy? (4pts) Overfishing is leading to the collapse of many fish stocks across the globe. Explain how property rights or lack of property rights may determine the stock of fish. (4 pts) What policy options would you propose to address this, and why? (8 pts) Tropical forest conversion continues at an alarming rate. Explain how competing land uses can explain the continued conversion of forest land. (6 pts) What policy options could we implement to address the loss of tropical forests? (8 pts) Emissions of greenhouse gases are projected to exceed the “2oC global carbon budget” in the next 10-15 years. Describe the science behind ozone depletion. (5 pts) What are the underlying economic causes of ozone depletion? (7 pts) What proposals would you advocate to address ozone depletion and its economic impacts? (5 pts) The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide targets to guide countries towards a more sustainable path. If you were attending the next UN Conference on the SDGs, discuss three policy options, their mechanisms and their environment impacts that you would put forward, and why? (6 pts)
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