Oxidative phosphorylation is a defining reaction of cellular respiration. Briefly summarize OxPhos. Be sure to describe the role of oxidation in this process and the molecules that are being oxidized. Discuss the role of phosphorylation in this process and the molecules that are being phosphorylated. Finally, discuss the importance of O2. Answers should demonstrate an understanding of the cytochromes, enzymes, reactants/substrates, and membranes involved in the process. The compound 2,4 dinitrophenol (DNP) is capable of making mitochondrial membranes permeable to protons.  Biochemists refer to it as an “uncoupler”.  Would ETC and chemiosmosis still happen in cells treated with DNP? Your answer should explain which reaction(s) would still continue, and which reaction(s) would no longer work when cells are exposed to DNP.  

 Which of the following best describes the clinical hand presentation of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis?

What is your initial diagnosis? 

The range of fundamental frequency for a typical adult human voice is approximately: 

Based on the following case, what is your diagnosis? 

Outline your plan of care with goals of treatment, follow up, and patient education for pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions 

Which definition most closely represents Raynaud’s Phenomenon? 

The open quotient (proportion of a glottal cycle where the vocal folds are open) is _______ during breathy voice than during modal voice. 

In “The Chrysanthemums,” how much does the wagon man charge to fix Elisa’s pans?

Below are functions and an example muscle that contributes to that function. Indicate which cranial nerve provides motor innervation for that function/muscle. Answers may be used more than once or not at all.