Compare and contrast the Calvin cycle with the citric acid cycle.

Why is the Z scheme referred to as “Z”-shaped?

Under what conditions does fermentation occur in cells, and what is its main purpose? Describe one difference between lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation.

Name 2 things required for photosynthesis to occur.

What gas do plants take in during photosynthesis?

What is the function of ATP synthase in chemiosmosis, and how does it use the proton gradient to produce ATP?

During the light reactions of photosynthesis, what is the role of water?

Describe the role of the electron transport chain in providing the fuel for chemiosmosis.

What is the primary function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

A nurse is taking a reproductive health history from a client who reports irregular vaginal bleeding. Which follow-up question is most important to clarify the cause?