A 10-year-old female was brought to the pediatric clinic by her parents with complaints of facial swelling, decreased urine output, and tea-colored urine for the past week. They also mentioned that the child had a sore throat and fever approximately two weeks prior and was prescribed amoxicillin; however, she vomited and broke out in hives after taking the medication and did not complete the antibiotic course.  She missed one week of school, but recovered. Otherwise, she is normally in good health. Physical examination reveals facial edema and hypertension. Laboratory Results: Urinalysis:•    Protein: 2+ •    Red Blood Cells: Numerous•    White Blood Cells: 1+•    Red blood cell casts 1+ Serum Biochemistry:•    Serum Creatinine: 1.4 mg/dL•    Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): 25 mg/dL•    Serum Albumin: 3.0 g/dL (decreased) Throat culture:  negative Which of the following is the most likely cause of the patient’s current illness?

A KOH prep is used for: (1) identifying yeast or fungi; (2) the “whiff” or amine test; (3) identifying Streptococci.

An amniocentesis fluid obtained a at 35 weeks gestation contained phosphatidyl glycerol (PG). This indicates:

Synovial fluid with free-floating black-colored inclusions that appear similar to ground pepper may indicate: (1) crystals; (2) fibin clots; (3) degenerating tissue; (4) ochronotic shards.

Identify the cells below indicated by the arrows:

Renal tubular disease is characterized best by:

The most appropriate test to perform on specimens obtained from the female in cases of suspected rape is:

A 32-year-old female, presented to the primary care clinic with complaints of frequent and painful urination for the past three days. She also reported a strong urge to urinate and noticed cloudy urine. Urinalysis results: Color: CloudypH: 6.0Specific Gravity: 1.015Leukocyte Esterase: PositiveNitrite: PositiveBlood: NegativeProtein: NegativeGlucose: NegativeKetones: NegativeRed Blood Cells: 1-2/hpfWhite Blood Cells: 10-12/hpfEpithelial Cells: 3-5/hpfBacteria: NumerousCrystals: Absent Which of the following conditions best matches the laboratory data and patient presentation?

 A dark yellow/amber colored urine will most likely show a positive reaction on the ___________ pad.

All of the following disorders affect the lower urinary tract EXCEPT: