A therapist is viewing frontal and lateral neck X-rays of a 12-month-old child and notices what is described as the “thumb” sign: supraglottic narrowing above the vocal cords. Which of the following conditions does this child likely have?

A 5 year old boy has just been intubated.  The physican asks you what depth you like tap the ETT. What is your recommendation?

The following capnogram was obtained from a newborn infant receiving mechanical ventilation. How should the therapist evaluate this capnogram?

The physician in the emergency department is attending to a 12-year-old child who has an exacerbation of asthma. The physician asks the therapist to recommend a medication that has a synergistic effect with beta-2 agonists during asthma exacerbations. Which of the following medications should the therapist recommend?

A respiratory therapist is evaluating a chest radiograph of a patient taken 2 days after being admitted for significant respiratory distress and right middle lobe pneumonia. Although the therapist notices a dramatic clinical improvement in the patient, the chest X-ray appears to be more radiopaque than the one on admission. What could explain this situation?

A small-particle aerosol generator (SPAG) is used to deliver which medication:

While working in the NICU with a mechanically ventilated newborn who is being monitored for PetCO2, the therapist observes the following capnogram. What interpretation should the therapist make of this capnogram?

The therapist has applied a bandage-type pulse oximetry probe too tightly to an infant’s finger. What problem can be expected to occur in this situation?

In order to decrease the risk of nasal irritation in newborns, what is the maximum flow rate recommended for a nasal cannula?

The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) respiratory therapy supervisor is observing a therapist obtain an arterial blood sample from an infant’s radial artery and notices that the therapist has the bevel of the needle pointed upward, entering the patient’s skin at a 45-degree angle and in a direction against the arterial flow. What should the supervisor do at this time?