Adverse effects of linezolid include the following: (1)1.    It is deposited in growing bones and may cause growth retardation2.    Metallic taste with prolonged use3.    It is associated with ototoxicity4.    It may be deposited in growing teeth to cause permanent discoloration5.    It is associated with a reduction in bone mineral density

Mirabegron is contraindicated in: (1)1.     Closed angle glaucoma2.     Erectile dysfunction3.     Priapism4.     Severe uncontrolled hypertension 5.     Prostate enlargement

Match the following therapeutic indications with an appropriate treatment below. Each option may be used more than once or not at all. (5)

The following is the mechanism of action of doxazosin: (1)1.    Binds to β3 receptors to stimulate relaxation of the detrusor smooth muscle 2.     Stimulates peripheral vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure3.     Inhibits the degradation of nitric oxide by the enzyme phosphodiesterase 5 4.     Inhibits the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone5.    Blocks the α1A- and α1B-receptors in the prostate to cause prostatic smooth muscle relaxation 

The mechanism of weight gain in patients on antipsychotics relates to the following effect: (1)1. Direct effect on D2 receptors2. Increased sensitivity to leptin 3. H1 antagonism 4. Prolactin suppression 5. HT2c agonism

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are life-threatening acute hypersensitivity reactions with systemic upset, epidermal necrosis, and mucous membrane involvement. The following drugs are typically associated with SJS and TEN: (1)1.     Metformin and paracetamol2.     Sulfonamides and antiepileptic drugs3.     Beta blockers and methylprednisone4.     Antihistamins and adrenalin5.     Atorvastatin and topical antihistamins. 

In survey research, what term is used to refer to the attributes that vary among the members of a population?

What is the advantage of spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions: (1)Captures only suspected adverse drug reactionsIt gives pregnancy outcome of a medicineProvides denominator information and allows calculation of incidence rates of adverse drug reactionsIt allows continual monitoring for the length time that the medicine is commercially availableIt is new to healthcare providers and pharmacovigilance centres

Match the following terms with their single best description. You may use an answer more thanonce or not at all. (5)

A human clinical trial is defined as: (1)1. An idea which is suggested as a possible explanation for a particular situation in humans, but which has not yet been proved to be correct2. A study performed to investigate the safety or efficacy of a medicine in humans3. The practice of monitoring the safety of a medicine in humans after it has been released on the market4. The evaluation of the likelihood that a medicine was the causative agent of an observed adverse drug reaction in humans5. A detailed record of all relevant data associated with the use of a medicine in a patient