Vocal fold edema and erythema are reactions of tissues to vocal abuse or inflammatory agents such as reflux.

Which of the following structures is ONLY found in animal cells?

The following image depicts what type of flagella arrangement?

Which of the following is TRUE about staining?

Several early microbial experiments were performed to determine if the hypothesis of biogenesis was accurate. Biogenesis refers to…

What process do microbes perform that helps convert sugars into other components, like the alcohol found in wine?

Papilloma is:

Which nerve provides motor function to all of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid muscle?

Which nerve provides motor function to the cricothyroid muscle?

Several of the following vocal fold parameters and features can be evaluated with both endoscopy using a fixed, stable light source and with videostroboscopy using a flashing stroboscopic light source.  Indicate which of the features/parameters below specifically require videostroboscopy to assess. Select all that apply.