How was modernity disruptive of Jewish life and tradition? (hint: think about authority) (2-3 sentences)

What “tribe” tends to vote for Shas or United Torah Judaism?

How do Zionism and different versions of liberal Judaism reflect divergent responses to the disruption of modernity? (hint: individual vs. collective) (3-4 sentences)

Where did President Reuven Rivlin get the idea for his concept of the four tribes of modern Israel?

Who can vote in Israeli elections?

Who cannot vote in Israeli elections?

What explains Israel’s political multi party system? Please include in your answer the structural and philosophical reason (hint: political system and “tribes”). Please answer in no more than 3-4 sentences. 

If you were to add 1 ppm of CO2 or 1 ppm of methane to the present atmosphere, which would have a bigger effect on the radiation?

What is the skin temperature?

What is the approximate frequency of infrared radiation with a wavenumber of 300/cm (you can also write this as 300cm-1)? You can use a speed of light = 3 x 1010 cm/sec (pay attention to the units).