What is the protective capsule of the kidney known as?

When compared with muscle, a normal nerve is ___________________.

What is an incarcerated with vascular compromise?

Renal sonogram on an 45 year-old male. This image is most consistent with _____.

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is defined by _____.

A transplanted kidney with a long pre-operative delay is likely to have _____.

A 24 year old male with a history of intravenous drug abuse is referred to the sonography department with a history of left flank pain, fever and chills.  You perform a renal sonogram and demonstrate a complex mass containing low-level echoes and debris.  It also contains hyperechoic foci associated with ring-down artifacts.  What is the most likely explanation for these findings?

Which of the following statements is true regarding Conn’s syndrome?

Which one of the following disorders does NOT produce a complex sonographic pattern?

A 55 yo male was referred for a sonographic examination of his kidneys due to painless hematuria. Based on the sonogram, what is the most likely finding?