Non-invasive treatment options, such as topical agents and dentifrices, are considered to be the simplest, cost-effective and efficacious first line of treatment for most patients.

The most important variable affecting the fluid flow in dentin is the pH of the stimulus.

The Gracey instrument type modification which incorporates a longer shank and shorter blade to access smaller roots, tighter pockets, and furcations is:

The INTENDED use area of a Gracey 17-18 is:

The stroke pattern for air polishing employs a constant circular motion going from interproximal to interproximal surface.  After polishing 1 or 2 teeth for 1 to 2 seconds, the teeth should be rinsed.

Which of the following are advantages of air powered polishing when compared to rubber cup polishing?

Issues to consider during the assessment of a disabled person include________.

Inflammation of a joint or many joints resulting in pain and swelling are symptoms of _____________.

Chronic problems of aging such as heart disease, lung disorders, arthritis, and type II diabetes may manifest themselves sooner in the person with disabilities by up to ________ years.

The result of disease, trauma and/or injury to the body is classified as __________.