​The first of Piaget’s four proposed stages of cognitive development, occurring in infancy, is called the _______________ stage.

Mental _______________ refers to mental programs that are the basis for performing particular tasks.

​The brain and spinal cord of a baby begin as a(n)

​The child who responds to his/her parent as if they were saying, “Why do you keep leaving me to fend for myself?” is demonstrating a(n) _______________ attachment style.

​Hank and his son Adam like to play a game on Hank’s cell phone. The game involves looking at cubes with letters in them and finding words. Sometimes Hank plays below his own skill level so that Adam can win, and other times Hank plays a little harder to encourage Adam to develop his own skills. In this scenario, Hank is occupying the role of

​Monozygotic twins are more commonly referred to as _______________ twins, while dizygotic twins are known as _______________ twins.

​Research has found that fathers are more likely than mothers to treat their sons and daughters differently based on the child’s sex.

​Like adults, children (even very young ones) use others’ emotions to direct their own behaviors, a practice called social referencing.

​At what age do children begin to understand that maleness and femaleness do not change over situations or according to personal wishes?

​According to gender-schema theory, in order to decide whether to learn more about an object, a child must first