A two-component schedule in which both components have separate stimuli is called a:

As relative rate of reinforcement ______ , the relative rate of response ______.

Question 12: What is the purpose of the fopen() function in C file handling? What are the key arguments it takes, and what does it return upon success and failure?

Question 11: Explain the concept of file buffering in C. What is its purpose, and how does it improve the efficiency of file input/output operations?

Question 1: What is the purpose of a “newline” character in C, and how is it represented within a string literal?

Question 2: What is the function of the “return” command in C, particularly within the context of the main() function?

Question 16: What is the purpose of the ‘for’ loop in C, and what are its three main components within the parentheses?

Question 19: Describe how arrays are handled when passed as arguments to functions in C.

[BLANK-1] was an agricultural system in which landless farmers worked another’s land for a “share” of the crop.

Write on ONE (1) of the following essays. An Essay should be three to five paragraphs long and include an introduction, discussion of historical facts, and conclusion. (This essay is worth a possible 40 points, do not skip this portion of the exam!!)1. Explain the various mechanisms used to keep freed slaves from attaining full     political and social equality following the civil war. 2. Discuss the many consequences of American westward expansion, specifically     as it pertained to immigrants and Native Americans.