Case Study Question 3 Despite immediate interventions to con…
Case Study Question 3 Despite immediate interventions to control bleeding and aggressive volume resuscitation, the patient’s condition continues to deteriorate. The nurse notes the following changes: BP: 70/40 (33) HR: 160 bpm RR: 36 breaths per minute SPO2: 88% on a non-rebreather mask Skin: Cold, mottled, and clammy Urine output: 5 mL in the past hour The patient’s ABG now shows: pH: 7.20 PaCO₂: 48 HCO₃⁻: 14 Lactate: 9.2 The patient is transitioning from the progressive stage of shock to the refractory stage. Which physiological changes best characterize this transition, and what is the nurse’s next priority?
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