A 22-year-old female basketball player presents with knee pain and swelling after landing awkwardly from a jump. She reports hearing a “pop” at the time of injury. Physical examination reveals a positive Lachman test.  What is the most likely diagnosis? 

An 8-year-old boy with Duchenne muscular dystrophy is being evaluated for shortness of breath. Which complication is most likely contributing to his symptoms? 

A 28-year-old female presents with fatigue and heavy menstrual bleeding. Laboratory tests reveal a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL and MCV of 75 fL. 

What is a primary consequence of the increased rate of hemolysis in sickle cell disease? 

How does genotyping tumor cells benefit cancer treatment? 

A patient is diagnosed with influenza, a viral infection. Which part of the virus’s life cycle is targeted by antiviral medications like oseltamivir (Tamiflu)?

A 30-year-old male athlete experiences increased bone density in his lower limbs after a period of intense training.  Which cells are primarily responsible for this adaptive response? 

What is a common cause of cubital tunnel syndrome? 

A 65-year-old male with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents with fatigue and joint pain. Laboratory tests show a hemoglobin level of 11 g/dL, MCV of 85 fL, and elevated inflammatory markers.  What is the most likely cause of his anemia? 

What is a common degenerative disease that affects the knee joint?