Some bacteria have specialized secretion mechanisms that allow for the direct infection of toxins into host cells while the bacteria remain extracellular

An inflammatory response that becomes over activated can result in septic shock

All of the following are effective approaches to treating allergies EXCEPT

A person with type A blood transfused with type B blood will trigger

All of the following are dependent upon antibodies EXCEPT

Some bacteria have specialized mechanisms to promote their uptake into host cells and/or spread from one host cell to another host cell. A common feature of those mechanisms is manipulation of host

Generation of a B-cell response involving memory requires each of the following EXCEPT

Match the three basic functions of complement with the complement component(s) required

Which of the following authors was not a Romantic poet?

Queen Victoria ruled Great Britain during which years?  (Note: these are the dates of the official Victorian era, though some scholars believe in the “long” Victorian era, which extends beyond the official dates).