Until the Russo-Japanese War, ordinary Russians trusted in the benevolence of the tsar. This trust was shaken on January 22, 1905, a date afterward referred to as

The League of Augsburg originally was intended to

After the failure of the Schlieffen Plan, all the major combatants realized that the war might be a prolonged conflict that would require

The London Pan-African Conference of 1900 issued a proclamation, Address to the Nations of the World, which declared

Louis XIV’s finance minister, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, was able to increase the percentage of the taxes collected in France that actually got to the national treasury from 25 percent to ____ percent.

Although he was not a great scholar himself, Charlemagne supported the establishment of schools.

The Visigothic dynasty in Spain did not face the problem of dynastic instability as political power was passed on peacefully from one generation of rulers to the next.

Diocletian divided the Roman Empire into quarters, with each quarter divided into smaller administrative units. What were these smaller units called?

During the period from 3000 to 2350 B.C., the Sumerians were unified into a single national political state rather than being divided into rival city-states.

The Avignon popes of the 14th century were known for bringing more wealth into the papacy, but they lived a plain, frugal lifestyle.