Assume that a base-pair substitution mutation converts a DNA triplet (AAT) to another DNA triplet (AAA). A second mutation now changes the AAA triplet to the GAA triplet. (UUA and CUU code for leucine and UUU codes for phenylalanine.) This second mutation is an example of a(n):

At a pH < 5, the ionized form for alanine (pI = 6) will have ________.

PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is an excellent method of generating copies of target DNA. If a single piece of double stranded DNA (dsDNA) is put into a PCR machine, how many dsDNA segments will there be after 3 rounds? 

Upon transposing to a new site, transposable elements:

Show your work and/or provide an explanation for how you got your answer to Question 2, above. Include dimensional analysis with correct sig figs where appropriate, in the following format: Example:  1.25 mol A   x   (2 mol B)/(5 mol A)   =  0.500 mol B

All of the following are requirements of a bacterial cloning vector EXCEPT:

Based on your answer to Question 1, above… If 0.300 mol of acetic acid was mixed with 0.300 mol of diatomic oxygen, which reactant would be limiting?

Balance this chemical equation, by entering in the appropriate coefficient for each substance.  If the coefficient is 1, enter “1”.  Remember to reduce down coefficients to the lowest whole number ratio.   [coeff1] HC2H3O2 +  [coeff2] O2  –>  [coeff3] CO2  +  [coeff4] H2O

Would a stress exercise be valuable on a patient with the below ABIs (2 points)? Explain why or why not (2 points).   

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