In 3 sentences, what is Fick’s law of diffusion and what are the components that decide rate of gas diffusion? Using the image here, describe the relationship between pressure and rate of oxygen disassociation from hemoglobin. Basically, what occurs from rest to exercise and what does this shift in pressure do to the percent of oxygen bound to hemoglobin? Where is this oxygen that was bound to hemoglobin going? o2dissasociation.png

In two sentences describe the adaptations in ventilation in response to exercise. That is, the adaptations in rate of ventilation during exercise. Not just that we breathe harder during exercise.

Pressure and volume are inversely related and gases flow from high pressure to low pressure. Therefore, what must occur in order to breathe in atmospheric gases?

Veins carry blood __________ the heart resisting gravity via ____________?

In detail, describe sliding filament theory. Begin with the message from a motor neuron and end with myosin binding to actin performing the power stroke thus shortening a sarcomere. Notice the point value. Although you don’t have to, you can describe this process in 7 steps.

The outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle is known as the?

Briefly describe the pathway of electrical activity in the heart including each structure.

The sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system is known as the ___________ and innervates the heart via the ____________ nerve

In response to a chronic exercise intensity the human body can convert muscle fiber types to increase skeletal muscle efficiency. For long distance or aerobic events, what type of skeletal muscle fiber would be most abundant and how would you describe the make up of this fiber type? (capillary density, mitochondrial density, contractile speed, etc.)

In five sentences, discuss dual innervation as it relates to the autonomic nervous system. In your response give a physiological example of this fine tuned control system. (i.e. how does this system increase and decrease physiological outcomes in response to an exercise intensity)