Which of the following is the most common causes of abdominal aneurysm?

What vessel is indicated by #1? (refer to the image below Q32-35)

Patient is a 53-year-old man who arrived in the Emergency Room complaining of epigastric pain. He stated the pain at times radiated to his back and he felt pressure in his chest. He had no other symptoms. Most probably the abnormality is:

What is demonstrated in the above sonographic images?

The most common type of aneurysm is:

The Doppler spectral waveform from the hepatic veins is normally

What is the arrow pointing to on the midline view of the abdomen?

12-year-old boy presented with a history of jaundice and distension of the abdomen. The patient was hospitalized elsewhere for hepatic encephalopathy and sepsis. He had been tapped repeatedly for ascites but had felt no relief. Most probably the abnormality is:

————————- is the engorgement of the left renal vein due to compression by the SMA and AO.

What tell-tale waveform is seen with pseudoaneurysms?