Which type of alcohol motive is most predictive of problematic alcohol use?  

Annie uses cocaine frequently, which is a stimulant and causes a major effect of alertness. Through conditioned tolerance, she ultimately stops experiencing the same alertness effects with repeated doses of cocaine. What is the conditioned response (CR) likely to be in this conditioning procedure?

According to the Opponent Process Theory, which of the following would not be likely to trigger the B process in drug use, either directly or indirectly?

Which of the following is true regarding Jellinek’s understanding of addiction?

My doctor prescribes me a drug that has an accepted medical use for treating anxiety. However, my doctor cautions me to not use too much of the medication or continue using it for a long period of time because it has a very high likelihood of leading to physical dependence and abuse. What drug schedule is this drug likely to have?

According to the cognitive processing model, what specific type of cognitive process is a craving?

Which of the following statements is true regarding an important difference between an experiment and a quasi-experiment? 

I am a proponent of the disease model of addiction. More specifically, I believe that drug use causes disease-related changes to the brain that consequently result in addiction. In other words, exposure to the drug itself is what is responsible for producing addiction. What is the term to describe this basic understanding of addiction?

Which of the following is a major advantage of using a balanced placebo design in substance use research?

1.1.2 Kuyiqiniso noma umbono ukuthi into ongayisebenzelanga kanzima awuyihloniphi? Sekela impendulo yakho. (3)