Which of the following statements best describes a complex focal seizure (Focal seizure with impaired awareness)?

When evaluating acute ischemic stroke with CT perfusion imaging, the area known as the penumbra is defined as the ischemic area of the brain which may be salvaged by intervention (e.g., thrombolysis or clot retrieval).

A 64-year-old male with hypertension presents with sudden onset of right eye blindness while shaving this morning. He describes a “curtain falling over my right eye,” which cleared spontaneously after 10 minutes. He had no other concurrent neurologic symptoms and no prior episodes of similar description. His general examination reveals a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg, but it is otherwise unremarkable. Neurologic exam is normal. Which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis?

A 48-year-old female patient has sustained a head injury in after falling off a porch and has an initial Glasgow Coma Scale score of 14 [E4, V4, M6]. How would you interpret this GCS score?

The nurse is caring for a client who just arrived to the ED with signs and symptoms of severe hypervolemia. Which of the following interventions will the nurse complete first?

Which of the following diagnostic test results would support a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis?

A 26-year-old female patient with no significant PMH is brought to the Emergency Department after experiencing a witnessed generalized tonic-clonic seizure in the supermarket. The seizure ended after 2 minutes, but the patient remained confused. Vital signs: BP 118/72, HR 90/min, RR 16/min, T 98.6F On exam, she is currently alert and fully oriented. She does not remember the events during the seizure and states she has not experienced this before. There is no nuchal rigidity and motor and sensory exam is unremarkable. Fingerstick blood glucose is 100 mg/dL. Serum electrolytes, CBC, and urine toxicology results are all within normal limits. EKG is without abnormality noted. What is the most appropriate next step in the management of this patient?

Evaluation of a patient who presents with a new onset peripheral neuropathy should include which of the following laboratory tests?

Hyperglycemia before reperfusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke has been associated with diminished neurologic improvement, greater infarct size, and worse clinical outcome at three months after treatment with intravenous tPA.

A 24-year-old woman, who has been consuming a strict total vegan diet (without dairy products or eggs) for the past 6 years, presents with a 2-week history of persistent fatigue and decreased functional capacity. She also gives history of numbness and pins and needle sensation in her feet for the past 3 weeks. The patient is having other problems, such as increased irritability and forgetfulness. Physical exam reveals pallor, peripheral neuropathy of her lower extremity, and memory deficits. CBC shows a macrocytic, normochromic anemia. There is also an elevation in the levels of methylmalonic acid and homocysteine. Which of the following therapies is indicated for this patient?